The revision to the Standard Specification eliminates “TYPE_ C” RCA backfill material from consideration. The specification for “TYPE_ C” RCA required a pH in the range of 5 – 10 to be consistent with the corrosion model for predicting the rate of metal loss. As stated above, this requirement cannot be met due to the inherent characteristics of RCA. Therefore, TYPE_ C is being eliminated from the specification to prevent assumptions that this material can be produced. However, if a Contractor wishes to use RCA for MSES backfill, “TYPE_ D” RCA is still a viable option. The gradation of TYPE_ D is a revision to the gradation for a natural material. This revised gradation produces a free-draining material and as such, it eliminates one of the parameters for corrosion (water). Therefore, even though RCA has high pH, the Department has allowed an increase to the pH requirement based on this amendment in the corrosion model. This is identified in the specification which allows “TYPE_ D” RCA possess a pH in the range of 5 – 12.5.